Summary

The new laws adopted during the recent years have brought along several new juridical notions which were unknown in the Soviet legal system. One of them is “legal person of the public law“, a short varriant of which is “person of the public law“. Anotion of “institution of the public law“ is abundantly used in the mass media. As the above–mentioned notions are not known to everybody a more detailed analysis of them is necessary.

First and foremost, the legal person of the public law is the state which is the carrier of the public administration and has all the characters necessary for a legal person. The state realizes its legal capacity through its organs.

A part of its administrative tasks of the public law is transferred by the state to independent legal subjects.

This process could be called decentralization. The law in force enables us to different three kinds of legal persons of the public law exercising the tasks of the public administration transferred to them by the state. They are: corporations of the public law (unions), institutions of the public law and foundations of the public law.

The legal persons of the public law are established by law or on the basis of law in the so–called order of regulation.